Can I use… with (non-recursive in subquery)


Apache DerbyBigQueryDb2 (LUW)H2MariaDBMySQLOracle DBPostgreSQLSQL ServerSQLite200520072009201120132015201720192021⚠ 3.36.0 - 3.41.0b⚠ 3.8.3 - 3.35.0ab⊘ 3.5.7 - 3.7.11⚠ 2008R2 - 2022ae✓ 8.4+⊘ 8.3⚠ 21cc⚠ 12cR1 - 19cb⚠ 11gR2de⚠ 11gR1abcde✓ 8.0.11+⊘ 5.0 - 5.7⚠ 10.3 - 10.11c⚠ 10.2ce⊘ 5.1 - 10.1⚠ 1.4.197 - 2.1.214aef⊘ 1.4.191 - 1.4.195⚠ 11.5.4 - 11.5.8e⚠ 9.7 - 11.5.0ace⚠ 2.0de⊘ 10.15.1.3 - 10.16.1.1
  1. With implies recursive
  2. With query names are visible in accessed views
  3. With names even mask qualified table names (schema.table)
  4. Without column list: WITH name AS (SELECT…)
  5. CTE in subquery cannot see global CTEs
  6. Query names in with don’t hide schema objects

The with clause can be used in subqueries to define even more locally scoped “views”:

SELECT …
  FROM (  WITH …
        SELECT …
          FROM …
       ) table_name

Normative References

The with recursive clause in subqueries is defined in ISO/IEC 9075:2016-2 as optional feature T122, “WITH (excluding RECURSIVE) in subquery”.

About the Author

Photo of Markus Winand

Markus Winand is the SQL Renaissance Ambassador. He is on a mission to introduce developers to the evolution of SQL in the 21st century. Markus can be hired as trainer, speaker and consultant via winand.at.

Buy his Book

Cover of “SQL Performance Explained”: Squirrel running on grass

The essence of SQL tuning in 200 pages

Buy now!
(paperback and/or PDF)

Paperback also available at Amazon.com.

Hire Markus

Markus offers SQL training and consulting for developers working at companies of any size.
Learn more »

Connect with Markus Winand

Markus Winand on LinkedInMarkus Winand on XINGMarkus Winand on Twitter
“modern SQL” by Markus Winand is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License.
Legal | Contact | NO WARRANTY | Trademarks | Privacy and GDPR | CC-BY-NC-ND 3.0 license